Henry Clay

1803-1806: Member of the Kentucky House of Representatives


1806-1807: United States Senator for Kentucky (3 months)


1807-1809: Member of the Kentucky House of Representatives


1810-1811: United States Senator for Kentucky (3 months)


1811-1821; 1823-1825: Member of the United States House of Representatives (12 years)

-major part of pivot towards government willing to fund internal improvements

-in era of debt having been cleared and repeated budget surpluses

-leaves office in 1821 to make money

-after having lost it playing cards

-then returns when he has it again


1814-1817; 1823-1825: Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

-turns this post into fulcrum of legislation

-in what is unprecedented accumulation of power into the post

-and when restrained by precedent on what he can say

-he turns the House into a Committee of the Whole which allows him to speak openly with softened rules


1825-1828: Secretary of State of the United States

-moving force behind the US's Wars > Luisiana War (1825-8)

-having long been part of the effort to secure better US rights over Mississippi trade

-is leading representative of government in peace talks

-and successfully secures peace treaty


1829-1837: President of the United States


may- mar

1837-1839: Member of the United States House of Representatives (1 year, 10 months)

-elected in april 1837, during accentuated missouri crisis

-because it is direct fallout from his presidency

-resolves crisis, declines to be re-elected

-in part because it's highly irregular in the context of the tradition of the president retiring after office

-in part because he has higher dreams than being a mere representative

-goes back to his plantation for some time


aug - jul

1840-1852: United States Senator for Kentucky (11 years, 11 months)

-wants to retire for a time

-but is involved in union party formation

-beginning of US's Wars > Second Quasi War (1839-42) means he wants to be in congress again, arranges it

-resignation occurs, clay gets elected senator, quickly become frontbencher

-anti-pike opposition crystallizes around him and his policies

-opposes war firmly in congress but pike initiates actions nevertheless

-promotes new financial laws in congress

-upon election of American Presidents > 1845-1852 Daniel Webster (Unionist) †, attempts to push cabinet appointment, refused

-relations frosty, but clay nevertheless moving force behind new laws

-during second nullification crisis, clay attempts to push compromise

-but webster preempts clay by pushing against nullification hard

-through lobbying Webster is able to scuttle Clay's compromise

-when nullifiers defeated, clay admits webster might be right

-but insists it might be the beginning of a later break between north and south

-dies on July 4, most patriotically

-on same day as Daniel Webster

-joint funerary oration by Edward Everett, hyper-influential in the shaping of their modern images


1841-1850: President pro tempore of the United States Senate

-honor granted to Clay in honor of his tenure as president

-he is first ex-president ever elected to the senate

-not actually very active in this role

-firstly under American Presidents > 1837-1845 Zebulon Pike (Old Republican, then People's) Peter V. Daniel serves in this role to take it from Unionists

-secondly under American Presidents > 1845-1852 Daniel Webster (Unionist) † Petigru is very effective presiding officer of Senate

-eventually bows out of this post due to old age and bad health

Clay Cabinet

Vice President

-1829-1837: John Sergeant


Secretary of State

-1829-1830: John C. Calhoun (resigned over nullification)

-1830-1837: James Barbour


Secretary of Domestic Affairs (created by bill)

-1831-1837: idk


Secretary of the Treasury

-1829-1832: Richard Rush (resigned to run for senator)

-1832-1837: Louis McLane


Secretary of War

-1829-1837: Peter B. Porter


Attorney General

-1829-1831: Richard M. Johnson (resigned over the tariff)

-1829-1832: John J. Crittenden (became Supreme Court Associate Justice)

-1832-1837: Francis T. Brook


Secretary of the Navy

-1829-1837: James Pleasants


Postmaster General

-1829-1937: Robert P. Letcher